裔

裔 U+88D4, 裔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-88D4 ← 裓 [U+88D3] CJK Unified Ideographs 裕 → [U+88D5]

Translingual

Han character

裔 (Kangxi radical 145, 衣+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜女月金口 (YVBCR), four-corner 0022₇, composition ⿱衣冏)

Derived characters

• 㵝, 𨘆, 𧞥, 䕍, 𬰏

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1117, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34303
• Dae Jaweon: page 1583, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3091, character 1
• Unihan data for U+88D4

Chinese

trad.		裔
simp. #		裔
alternative forms		𧘉 𧘊

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 裔
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *leds) : semantic 衣 (“cloth”) + phonetic 㕯 ().

Etymology

border

Schuessler (2007) compares 裔 (OC *leds) to Tibetan ལྡེབས (ldebs, “side, closure, fence”)

posterity, descendants

裔 (OC *lats < *laps, “posterity, descendants”) is possibly back-formation (voicing) from 世 (OC *lhats < *lhaps, “generation, epoch > world”), which is from iterative devoicing of 葉 (OC *leb, “leaf”) + *-s suffix, meaning successive foliages of a tree > generations (ibid.).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yì (yi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jeoi⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yi
• Eastern Min (BUC): iô
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ē / ī / è / ì

  (Teochew, Peng'im): i⁶

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶yi

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yì
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yì
    • Wade–Giles: i⁴
    • Yale: yì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
    • Palladius: и (i)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jeoi⁶
    • Yale: yeuih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: joey⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yêu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɵy̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi
    • Hakka Romanization System: i
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /i⁵⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)i
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: iô
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /yɔ²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ē
    • Tâi-lô: ē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: e
    • IPA (Xiamen): /e²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /e⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ī
    • Tâi-lô: ī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: i
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /i²²/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: è
    • Tâi-lô: è
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ex
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /e²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /e¹¹/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ì
    • Tâi-lô: ì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ix
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /i²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: i⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ĭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶yi
    • MiniDict: yi^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦi²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: yejH

Rime
Character	裔
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	祭 (35)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	餘制切
Baxter	yejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇiH/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛiH/
Shao Rongfen	/jæiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiajH/
Li Rong	/iɛiH/
Wang Li	/jĭɛiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ɛiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jai6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*l[a][t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*leds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	裔
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ yejH ›
Old Chinese	/*l[a][t]-s/
English	posterity; border
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	裔
Reading #	1/1
No.	15165
Phonetic component	裔
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	曵
Old Chinese	/*leds/

Definitions

裔

1. descendant; posterity

   後裔／后裔  ―  hòuyì  ―  descendant; offspring

   日裔美國人／日裔美国人  ―  Rì yì měiguórén  ―  Japanese American

2. (literary) edge; brim; margin

   • 游於江潯海裔 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     游于江浔海裔 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Huainanzi, 2^nd century BCE

     yóu yú jiāngxún hǎiyì [Pinyin]

     Strolling along the riverbank and seashore

3. (literary) borderland; frontier; remote region

   • 渾敦、窮奇、檮杌、饕餮，投諸四裔，以禦螭魅。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     浑敦、穷奇、梼杌、饕餮，投诸四裔，以御螭魅。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Húndūn, Qióngqí, Táowù, Tāotiè, tóu zhū sìyì, yǐ yù chīmèi. [Pinyin]

     Chaos, oddity, block-stump, and glutton were all cast out to the four frontiers to ward off ill sprites and evil spirits.

4. (literary) people of the borderlands

   • 裔不謀夏，夷不亂華。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     裔不谋夏，夷不乱华。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Yì bù móu xià, yí bù luàn huá. [Pinyin]

     The borderers may not plot against the grand ("夏") domains; the aliens should not sow chaos among the flourishing ("華") peoples.

5. (literary) clothing's edge
6. a surname

Compounds

• 亞裔／亚裔 (yàyì)
• 八裔
• 四裔 (sìyì)
• 容裔 (róngyì)
• 後裔／后裔 (hòuyì)
• 德垂後裔／德垂后裔
• 族裔 (zúyì)
• 昆裔
• 歐裔／欧裔 (ōuyì)
• 水裔
• 江潯海裔／江浔海裔
• 派裔
• 涌裔
• 窮裔／穷裔
• 美裔 (měiyì)
• 胄裔
• 苗裔 (miáoyì)
• 荒裔
• 華裔／华裔 (huáyì)
• 裔土
• 裔夷
• 裔孫／裔孙 (yìsūn)
• 裔末
• 裔民
• 裔胄
• 裔裔
• 遙裔／遥裔
• 遠裔／远裔
• 邊裔／边裔
• 非裔 (fēiyì)

 

Japanese

Kanji

裔

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. descendant
2. border

Readings

• Go-on: えい (ei)^{←えい (ei, historical)←𛀁い (yei, ancient)}
• Kan-on: えい (ei)^{←えい (ei, historical)←𛀁い (yei, ancient)}
• Kun: すそ (suso, 裔); すえ (sue, 裔)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
裔
えい Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 裔 (MC yejH).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) え​ー [éꜜè] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [e̞ː]

Affix

裔(えい) • (ei) 

1. descendants; offspring

Noun

裔(えい) • (ei) 

1. (literary) descendants

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
裔
こはな Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 裔 – see the following entry: こはな

(The following entry is uncreated: こはな.)

Korean

Hanja

裔 • (ye) (hangeul 예)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.