縱

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See also: 纵 and 縦
縱 U+7E31, 縱
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7E31
← 縰
[U+7E30] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 縲 →
[U+7E32]

Translingual[edit]

Traditional 縱
Shinjitai 縦
Simplified 纵

Han character[edit]

縱 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 女火竹人人 (VFHOO), four-corner 28981, composition ⿰糹從)

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 935, character 31
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27819
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1374, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3445, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+7E31

Chinese[edit]

trad. 縱
simp. 纵
alternative forms 縦

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (从) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
摐 *sʰroːŋ, *sʰloŋ
鏦 *sʰroːŋ, *sʰloŋ
豵 *ʔsloːŋ, *ʔsloŋ
嵸 *ʔsloːŋ, *ʔsloːŋʔ
蓯 *ʔsloːŋʔ
蹤 *ʔsloŋ
縱 *ʔsloŋ, *ʔsloŋs
樅 *ʔsloŋ, *sʰloŋ
磫 *ʔsloŋ
熧 *ʔsloŋ
瘲 *ʔsloŋs
暰 *sʰloŋ
瑽 *sʰloŋ
從 *zloŋ, *zloŋ, *zloŋs
从 *zloŋ
慫 *sloŋʔ
聳 *sloŋʔ
傱 *sloŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsloŋ, *ʔsloŋs) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 從 (OC *zloŋ, *zloŋ, *zloŋs).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Rime
Character 縱
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 子用切
Baxter tsjowngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sɨoŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sioŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sioŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡suawŋH/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sioŋH/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sĭwoŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡si̯woŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zòng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zung3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 縱
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zòng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsjowngH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ts]oŋ-s/
English let loose

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 縱
Reading # 2/2
No. 1849
Phonetic
component 		从
Rime
group 		東
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		縱
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔsloŋs/

Definitions[edit]

縱

  1. (literary) loose; relaxed
  2. (literary) to shoot an arrow
  3. (literary) to send out; to deliver
    縱火／纵火  ―  zònghuǒ  ―  to set aflame
  4. to let go; to release; to set free
    諸葛亮七擒七縱孟獲 [MSC, trad.]
    诸葛亮七擒七纵孟获 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhūgě Liàng qīqínqīzòng Mèng Huò [Pinyin]
    Zhuge Liang captured and released Meng Huo seven times.
  5. to let loose
    縱容／纵容  ―  zòngróng  ―  to tolerate
  6. to jump up; to jump over
  7. (dialectal, including Cantonese, Hainanese, Leizhou Mina, Liuzhou Mandarin, Loudi Xiang) to spoil; to pamper
    佢細個嗰陣爸爸媽媽好縱佢。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    佢细个嗰阵爸爸妈妈好纵佢。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    keoi5 sai3 go3 go2 zan6-2 baa1-4 baa1 maa1-4 maa1 hou2 zung3 keoi5. [Jyutping]
    As a child, they were spoiled by their parents.
  8. even if; even though
  9. a surname

Synonyms[edit]

  • (even if):

Compounds[edit]

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Rime
Character 縱
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 即容切
Baxter tsjowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sɨoŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sioŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sioŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡suawŋ/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sioŋ/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sĭwoŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡si̯woŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zōng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zung1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 縱
Reading # 1/2
No. 1844
Phonetic
component 		从
Rime
group 		東
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		縱
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔsloŋ/

Definitions[edit]

縱

  1. of the north-south direction; vertical
  2. longitudinal; lengthwise
  3. (historical) Short for 合縱／合纵 (hézòng, “to ally with”).
  4. (military) Short for 縱隊／纵队 (zòngduì, “column corps”).
  5. Alternative form of 蹤／踪 (zōng, “trace”)

Compounds[edit]

Pronunciation 3[edit]

Definitions[edit]

縱

  1. Used in 縱縱／纵纵 (zǒngzǒng, “hurried; numerous”).
  2. Used in 縱臾／纵臾 (zǒngyǒng, “to encourage”).

Compounds[edit]

Pronunciation 4[edit]

Definitions[edit]

縱

  1. (obsolete, of hair worn in a bun) big and tall

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai

縦

Kyūjitai

縱

Kanji[edit]

縱

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 縦)

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Readings[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

縱 (eum 종 (jong))

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縱 (eum 총 (chong))

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Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

縱: Hán Nôm readings: túng, tung

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