乍

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乍 U+4E4D, 乍
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E4D
← 乌
[U+4E4C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 乎 →
[U+4E4E]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

乍 (Kangxi radical 4, 丿+4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 竹尸 (HS) or 人尸 (OS), four-corner 80211, composition ⿱𠂉⿰丨二)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 82, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 130
  • Dae Jaweon: page 165, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 35, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4E4D

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 乍
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Oracle bone script

j27471

j27472

j27473

j27474

j27475

j27476

j27477

j27478

j27479

j27480

j27481

j27482

j27483

j27484

j27485

j27486

j27487

j27488

j27489

j27490

j27491

j27492

j27493

j27494

j27495

j27496

j27497

j27498

j27499

j27500

j27501

j27502

j27503

j27504

j27505

j27506

j27507

j27508

j27509

j27510

j27511

j27512

j27513

j27514

j27515

j27516

j27517

j27518

j27519

j27520

j27521

j27522

j27523

j27524

j27525

j27526

j27527

j27528

j27529

Bronze inscriptions

b17714

b17715

b17716

b17717

b17718

b17719

b17720

b17721

b17722

b17723

b17724

b17725

b17726

b17727

b17728

b17729

b17730

b17731

b17732

b17733

b17734

b17735

b17736

b17737

b17738

b17739

b17740

b17741

b17742

b17743

b17744

b17745

b17746

b17747

b17748

b17749

b17750

b17751

b17752

b17753

b17754

b17755

b17756

b17757

b17758

b17759

b17760

b17761

b17762

b17763

b17764

b17765

b17766

b17767

b17768

b17769

b17770

b17771

b17772

b17773

b17774

b17775

b17776

b17777

b17778

b17779

b17780

b17781

b17782

b17783

b17784

b17785

b17786

b17787

b17788

b17789

b17790

b17791

b17792

b17793

b17794

b17795

b17796

b17797

b17798

b17799

b17800

b17801

b17802

b17803

b17804

b17805

b17806

b17807

b17808

b17809

b17810

b17811

b17812

b17813

b17814

b17815

b17816

b17817

b17818

b17819

b17820

b17821

b17822

b17823

b17824

b17825

b17826

b17827

b17828

b17829

b17830

b17831

b17832

b17833

b17834

b17835

b17836

b17837

b17838

b17839

b17840

b17841

b17842

b17843

b17844

b17845

b17846

b17847

b17848

b17849

Small seal script

s09434

Transcribed ancient scripts

L23775

L23776

L23777

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (乍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
作 *ʔsaːɡs, *ʔsaːɡs, *ʔsaːɡ
鲊 *ʔsraːʔ
痄 *ʔsraːʔ
厏 *ʔsraːʔ, *zraːʔ
詐 *ʔsraːɡs
咋 *ʔsraːɡs, *zraːɡ, *ʔsreːɡ
笮 *ʔsraːɡs, *zaːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
榨 *ʔsraːɡs
炸 *ʔr'aːɡs, *zreːb
乍 *zraːɡs
拃 *ʔsraːnʔ
酢 *sʰaːɡs, *zaːɡ
祚 *zaːɡs
胙 *zaːɡs
阼 *zaːɡs
飵 *zaːɡs, *zaːɡ
秨 *zaːɡs, *zaːɡ
迮 *ʔsaːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
柞 *ʔsaːɡ, *zaːɡ
昨 *zaːɡ
怍 *zaːɡ
砟 *zaːɡ
莋 *zaːɡ
岝 *zaːɡ, *zraːɡ
鈼 *zaːɡ
筰 *zaːɡ
葃 *zaːɡ, *zreːɡ, *zaɡ
舴 *ʔr'aːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
窄 *ʔsraːɡ
蚱 *ʔsraːɡ
齚 *zraːɡ
泎 *zraːɡ

Pictogram (象形) – an axe chopping wood. Original form of 柞.

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 乍
alternative forms 𠆦

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 乍
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 崇 (20)
Final (韻) 麻 (98)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 鋤駕切
Baxter dzraeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡ʒˠaH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɖ͡ʐᵚaH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡ʒaH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɖ͡ʐaɨH/
Li
Rong 		/d͡ʒaH/
Wang
Li 		/d͡ʒaH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ɖ͡ʐʱaH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhà
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zaa6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 乍
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhà
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzræH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[dz]ˁrak-s/
English suddenly

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 乍
Reading # 1/1
No. 16650
Phonetic
component 		乍
Rime
group 		暮
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		乍
Old
Chinese 		/*zraːɡs/
Notes 曾憲通雲甲金文象以耒起土，
爲耕作字初文

Definitions[edit]

乍

  1. suddenly
  2. at first
  3. (Eastern Min) just; exactly
  4. (Eastern Min) only a short while ago; just

Etymology 2[edit]

simp. and trad.
 乍
alternative forms 蘸

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

乍

  1. (Southern Min) to deep-fry slightly
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 炸 (“to deep-fry”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 炸, 油炸
Mandarin Beijing 炸
Taiwan 炸
Singapore 炸
Cantonese Guangzhou 炸
Hong Kong 炸
Singapore (Guangfu) 炸
Hakka Meixian 炸
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 浮
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 炸
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 浮
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 浮
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 浮, 炸
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 浮
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 浮
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 浮
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 糋
Eastern Min Fuzhou 炸, 浮
Southern Min Xiamen 糋, 浮, 乍
Quanzhou 糋, 浮, 乍
Zhangzhou 糋, 浮, 乍
Tainan 糋, 浮, 乍 GT
Penang (Hokkien) 糋
Singapore (Hokkien) 糋
Manila (Hokkien) 糋
Chaozhou 炸
Wu Shanghai 炸, 氽, 煠
Suzhou 氽, 煠
Wuxi 煠
Hangzhou 煠, 氽
Ningbo 煠, 氽
Zhenhai 煠
Fenghua 煠
Zhoushan 煠
Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Etymology 3[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of 乍 – see 作 (“to get up; to get up and go to work; etc.”).
(This character is an ancient variant form of 作).

Etymology 4[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of 乍 – see 榨 (“to press or extract juices; to squeeze; press to extract juices; etc.”).
(This character is the second-round simplified form of 榨).
Notes:

Further reading[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

乍

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. Although

Readings[edit]

As an alternative form of 作:

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

乍 (eumhun 잠깐 사 (jamkkan sa))

  1. (for) a short time

References[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

乍: Hán Nôm readings: chạ, sạ, cha, sã, chả

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References[edit]

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