蕭

See also: 萧 and 䔥

蕭 U+856D, 蕭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-856D ← 蕬 [U+856C] CJK Unified Ideographs 蕮 → [U+856E]

Translingual

Traditional	蕭
Shinjitai (extended)	䔥
Simplified	萧

Han character

蕭 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 廿中難 (TLX), four-corner 4422₇, composition ⿱艹肅)

Derived characters

• 瀟 櫹 蠨

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1059, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32012
• Dae Jaweon: page 1522, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3308, character 12
• Unihan data for U+856D

Chinese

trad.		蕭
simp.		萧
2nd round simp.		肖

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (肅) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
簫	*sɯːw
蕭	*sɯːw
瀟	*sɯːw
潚	*sɯːw, *sɯwɢ
彇	*sɯːw
蟰	*sɯːw, *sɯwɢ
橚	*sɯːw, *sɯwɢ
嘯	*sɯːwɢs
歗	*sɯːwɢs
熽	*sɯːwɢs
繡	*sɯwɢs
鏽	*sɯwɢs
肅	*sɯwɢ
鷫	*sɯwɢ
驌	*sɯwɢ
鱐	*sɯwɢ
璛	*sɯwɢ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): xiāo (xiao¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xiao¹

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): siu¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhiau¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): xieu¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sêu

  (Meixian, Guangdong): xiau¹

• Eastern Min (BUC): siĕu
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): sio / siau

  (Teochew, Peng'im): siao¹ / siou¹

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹shiau

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siao
    • Wade–Giles: hsiao¹
    • Yale: syāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
    • Palladius: сяо (sjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: xiao¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xiao
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiau⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: siu¹
    • Yale: sīu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: siu¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: xiu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːu̯⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: lhiau¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiau³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: xieu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɛu⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sêu
    • Hakka Romanization System: seu´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: seu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /seu̯²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: xiau¹
    • Sinological IPA: /siau⁴⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: siĕu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sieu⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sio
    • Tâi-lô: sio
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sioy
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sio³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sio⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siau
    • Tâi-lô: siau
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siaw
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siau³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siau⁴⁴/

Note:

• sio - vernacular;
• siau - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: siao¹ / siou¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siau / siou
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siau³³/, /siou³³/

Note:

• siao1 - Shantou;
• siou1 - Chaozhou.

• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ¹shiau
    • MiniDict: shiau^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹xiau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiɔ⁵³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 蕭
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕiau⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕiau⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕiɑu²¹/
	Jinan	/ɕiɔ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/siɔ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/siau²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ɕiau²¹/
	Xining	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ɕiɔ³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/ɕiau⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕiau⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/ɕiao⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/siɔo³¹/
	Hefei	/ɕiɔ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕiau¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ɕiɔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕiɔ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɕiɔ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/siæ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ɕiɔ³³/
	Wenzhou	/ɕiɛ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/siɔ³¹/
	Tunxi	/siu¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/siau³³/
	Xiangtan	/siaɯ³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕiɛu⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/siau⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/seu²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/siu⁵³/
	Nanning	/ɬiu⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/siu⁵³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/siau⁵⁵/ /sio⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/sieu⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/siau⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/siau³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/siau²³/ /tiau²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: sew

Rime
Character	蕭
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	蕭 (93)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	蘇彫切
Baxter	sew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/seu/
Pan Wuyun	/seu/
Shao Rongfen	/seu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɛw/
Li Rong	/seu/
Wang Li	/sieu/
Bernard Karlgren	/sieu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	siu1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*sˤiw/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sɯːw/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蕭	蕭
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiāo	xiāo
Middle Chinese	‹ sew ›	‹ sew ›
Old Chinese	/*sˁiw/	/*sˁiw/
English	Artemisia	蕭蕭 neighing of horses
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蕭
Reading #	1/1
No.	12114
Phonetic component	肅
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	蕭
Old Chinese	/*sɯːw/

Definitions

蕭

1. (obsolete) Chinese mugwort (Artemisia argyi)

   • 彼采蕭兮，一日不見，如三秋兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     彼采萧兮，一日不见，如三秋兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Bǐ cǎi xiāo xī, yīrì bù jiàn, rú sān qiū xī. [Pinyin]

     There he is gathering the oxtail-southern-wood!
     A day without seeing him,
     Is like three seasons!

2. desolate; bleak
3. (obsolete) Alternative form of 肅／肃 (“respectful”)
4. (～國) (historical) Xiao (an ancient state during the Spring and Autumn period, located in modern-day Xiao County, Anhui)

   • 冬，楚子伐蕭，宋華椒以蔡人救蕭。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     冬，楚子伐萧，宋华椒以蔡人救萧。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Dōng, Chǔ zǐ fá Xiāo, Sòng Huà Jiāo yǐ Cài rén jiù Xiāo. [Pinyin]

     In winter the viscount of Chu invaded Xiao, which Hua Jiao of Song, with a body of men from Cai, endeavoured to relieve.

5. (～縣) Xiao County (a county of Anhui, China)
6. a surname

   蕭颯／萧飒  ―  Xiāo Sà  ―  Hsiao Sa (Taiwanese author)

Usage notes

The character 肖 is more commonly used in the simplified script instead of 萧, when used as a surname or in transcriptions.

Descendants

• → English: Hsiao, Xiao, Siu

Compounds

• 亂作蕭牆／乱作萧墙
• 刁蕭／刁萧
• 囊篋蕭然／囊箧萧然
• 四壁蕭條／四壁萧条
• 東坦蕭然／东坦萧然
• 環堵蕭然／环堵萧然
• 禍發蕭牆／祸发萧墙
• 禍稔蕭牆／祸稔萧墙
• 禍起蕭牆／祸起萧墙 (huòqǐxiāoqiáng)
• 經濟蕭條／经济萧条
• 蓼蕭／蓼萧
• 蕭史／萧史
• 蕭娘／萧娘
• 蕭寺／萧寺
• 蕭山／萧山 (Xiāoshān)
• 蕭散／萧散
• 蕭曹／萧曹
• 蕭條／萧条 (xiāotiáo)
• 蕭森／萧森
• 蕭灑／萧洒 (xiāosǎ)
• 蕭然／萧然
• 蕭牆／萧墙 (xiāoqiáng)
• 蕭牆之禍／萧墙之祸
• 蕭牆禍起／萧墙祸起
• 蕭瑟／萧瑟 (xiāosè)
• 蕭疏／萧疏 (xiāoshū)
• 蕭索／萧索 (xiāosuǒ)
• 蕭艾／萧艾
• 蕭蔘／萧𦲞
• 蕭蕭／萧萧 (xiāoxiāo)
• 蕭薔／萧蔷
• 蕭行范篆
• 蕭規／萧规
• 蕭規曹隨／萧规曹随 (xiāoguīcáosuí)
• 蕭邦／萧邦 (Xiāobāng)
• 蕭郎／萧郎 (xiāoláng)
• 蕭關／萧关 (Xiāoguān)
• 蕭颯／萧飒
• 蕭齋／萧斋
• 蘭玉蕭條／兰玉萧条
• 蘭芷蕭艾／兰芷萧艾
• 變起蕭牆／变起萧墙 (biànqǐxiāoqiáng)
• 身後蕭條／身后萧条
• 釁發蕭牆／衅发萧墙
• 釁起蕭牆／衅起萧墙
• 風雨蕭條／风雨萧条
• 飄蕭／飘萧

 

Japanese

Shinjitai	䔥
Kyūjitai	蕭

Kanji

蕭

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 䔥)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
• Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
• Kun: よもぎ (yomogi, 蕭)

Korean

Hanja

蕭 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

蕭: Hán Nôm readings: tiêu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.