瞽

瞽 U+77BD, 瞽 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-77BD ← 瞼 [U+77BC] CJK Unified Ideographs 瞾 → [U+77BE]

Translingual

Alternative forms

• (archaic) 𠑹

Han character

瞽 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 土水月山 (GEBU), four-corner 4460₄, composition ⿱鼓目)

1. blind
2. blind musician
3. stupid

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 819, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23745
• Dae Jaweon: page 1231, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2516, character 3
• Unihan data for U+77BD

Chinese

simp. and trad.		瞽

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (鼓) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
皷	*kʷaːʔ
鼓	*kʷaːʔ
瞽	*kʷaːʔ

Etymology

From 鼓 (OC *kʷaːʔ, “drum”) (Schuessler, 2007), as musicians were blind in ancient times.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gǔ (gu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gu²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kó͘

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gǔ
    • Wade–Giles: ku³
    • Yale: gǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guu
    • Palladius: гу (gu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gu²
    • Yale: gú
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gu²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuː³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kó͘
    • Tâi-lô: kóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kor
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ⁵⁵⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: kuX

Rime
Character	瞽
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	公戸切
Baxter	kuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuoX/
Pan Wuyun	/kuoX/
Shao Rongfen	/koX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɔX/
Li Rong	/koX/
Wang Li	/kuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuoX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gu2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤaʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʷaːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	瞽
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ kuX ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁaʔ/
English	blind
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瞽
Reading #	1/1
No.	4338
Phonetic component	鼓
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	古
Old Chinese	/*kʷaːʔ/

Definitions

瞽

1. blind

   • 子見齊衰者、冕衣裳者與瞽者，見之，雖少必作；過之，必趨。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     子见齐衰者、冕衣裳者与瞽者，见之，虽少必作；过之，必趋。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Zǐ jiàn qíshuāi zhě, miǎn yīshang zhě yǔ gǔzhě, jiàn zhī, suī shào bì zuò; guò zhī, bì qū. [Pinyin]

     When the Master saw a person in a mourning dress, or any one with the cap and upper and lower garments of full dress, or a blind person, on observing them approaching, though they were younger than himself, he would rise up, and if he had to pass by them, he would do so hastily.

2. undiscerning

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 瞎眼 (“(to be) blind”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		瞽, 盲
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		失明, 瞎眼, 瞎
Mandarin	Taiwan	瞎眼
	Malaysia	瞎, 盲
	Singapore	瞎, 盲
Cantonese	Guangzhou	盲, 盲眼
	Hong Kong	盲, 盲眼
Hakka	Meixian	瞎, 盲
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	眼瞎
	Luhe	目瞎
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	目瞨, 瞨目, 青盲, 瞎目
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	目瞨, 目瞎, 青盲, 瞎目
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	目瞨, 瞨目, 青盲, 瞎目
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	目瞨, 瞨目, 青盲, 瞎目
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	目瞨, 瞨目, 青盲, 瞎目
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	青盲
Northern Min	Jian'ou	瞎
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	青盲
Southern Min	Xiamen	青盲
	Quanzhou	青盲
	Zhangzhou	青盲
	Taipei	青盲
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	青盲
	Kaohsiung	青盲
	Yilan	青盲
	Changhua (Lukang)	青盲
	Taichung	青盲
	Tainan	青盲
	Hsinchu	青盲
	Kinmen	青盲
	Penghu (Magong)	青盲
	Penang (Hokkien)	青盲
	Singapore (Hokkien)	青盲
	Manila (Hokkien)	青盲
	Pingnan (Pingtian)	青盲
	Chaozhou	青盲
	Shantou	青盲
	Shantou (Chenghai)	青盲
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	青盲
	Jieyang	青盲
	Haifeng	青盲
	Leizhou	青盲
	Wenchang	青盲
	Singapore (Hainanese)	青盲
Puxian Min	Putian	青盲
Central Min	Yong'an	瞎
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	盲

Compounds

• 兩瞽相扶／两瞽相扶
• 有瞽
• 狂瞽
• 瞽叟
• 瞽史 (gǔshǐ)
• 瞽師／瞽师 (gǔshī)
• 瞽目 (gǔmù)
• 瞽目先生
• 瞽瞍
• 瞽者 (gǔzhě)
• 瞽言妄舉／瞽言妄举
• 瞽言芻議／瞽言刍议
• 瞽說／瞽说
• 瞽議／瞽议

 

Japanese

Kanji

瞽

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: く (ku)
• Kan-on: こ (ko)
• Kun: めしい (meshii, 瞽い); めくら (mekura)

Definitions

Kanji in this term
瞽
めくら Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 瞽 – see the following entry.

【めくら】 [noun] (likely offensive) blindness [noun] (likely offensive) blind person [noun] (likely offensive) ignorance [noun] (likely offensive) ignorant person; an ignoramus Alternative spelling 盲

(This term, 瞽, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

瞽 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

瞽: Hán Nôm readings: cổ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.