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See also:
U+6CD5, 法
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CD5

[U+6CD4]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6CD6]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
8 strokes
Stroke order

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 85, +5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水土戈 (EGI), four-corner 34131, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

Related characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 616, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17290
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1010, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1579, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6CD5

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

𢌇

𣳴

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script

Simplified from earlier , which was originally used to represent (OC *pads, “to cast aside; to abrogate”).

Etymology 1[edit]

Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with Tibetan བབས (babs, shape, form, appearance), དབྱིབས (dbyibs, shape, form, figure). Possibly cognate with (OC *bom, “all, general, every; pattern, general rule”); see there for more.

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • Cantonese
  • Gan
  • Hakka
  • Jin
  • Northern Min
  • Eastern Min
  • Southern Min
  • Note:
    • huab4 - Chaozhou, Chaoyang, Jieyang, Raoping, Pontianak;
    • huag4 - Shantou, Chenghai.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /fa²¹⁴/
    /fa⁵¹/
    Harbin /fa²¹³/
    Tianjin /fɑ⁴⁵/ ~子
    /fɑ¹³/ 方~,~國
    Jinan /fa²¹³/
    Qingdao /fa⁵⁵/
    Zhengzhou /fa²⁴/
    Xi'an /fa²¹/
    Xining /fa⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /fa¹³/
    Lanzhou /fa¹³/
    Ürümqi /fa⁵¹/
    Wuhan /fa²¹³/
    Chengdu /fa³¹/
    Guiyang /fa²¹/
    Kunming /fa̠³¹/
    Nanjing /fɑʔ⁵/
    Hefei /fɐʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /faʔ²/
    Pingyao /xuʌʔ¹³/
    Hohhot /faʔ⁴³/
    Wu Shanghai /faʔ⁵/
    Suzhou /faʔ⁵/
    Hangzhou /fɑʔ⁵/
    Wenzhou /ho²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /faʔ²¹/
    Tunxi /fuːə⁵/
    Xiang Changsha /fa²⁴/
    Xiangtan /ɸɒ²⁴/
    Gan Nanchang /faʔ⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /fap̚¹/
    Taoyuan /fɑp̚²²/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /fat̚³/
    Nanning /fat̚³³/
    Hong Kong /fat̚³/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /huat̚³²/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /huɑʔ²³/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xua²⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /huak̚²/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /fak̚⁵/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (1)
    Final () (148)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter pjop
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /pɨɐp̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /piɐp̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /piɐp̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /puap̚/
    Li
    Rong
    /piɐp̚/
    Wang
    Li
    /pĭwɐp̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /pi̯wɐp̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    fa
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    faat3
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ pjop ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[p.k]ap/
    English model, law

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 2867
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*pqab/
    Notes

    Definitions[edit]

    1. law; rule; regulation; statute
        ―  yuàn  ―  court of law
        ―    ―  to legislate
        ―  fàn  ―  to break the law
      普通  ―  pǔtōng  ―  common law
      著作權著作权  ―  zhùzuòquán  ―  copyright law
    2. norm; standard; model; example
        ―  shū  ―  model calligraphy
        ―    ―  grammar
    3. to imitate; to emulate
        ―  xiào  ―  to imitate
        ―  shī  ―  to imitate
    4. method; way; solution
      歸納归纳  ―  guīnà  ―  inductive reasoning
    5. (Buddhism) dharma; principle of the universe; teachings of Buddha
        ―  lún  ―  dharmachakra
      時期时期  ―  shíqī  ―  Dharma-ending age
    6. magic; magic arts; sorcery; witchcraft
        ―  shī  ―  to cast a spell
    7. 40th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "law" (𝌭)
    8. (Cantonese) such a way
      而家點算 [Cantonese, trad.]
      而家点算 [Cantonese, simp.]
      ji4 gaa1 gam2 gaau2 faat3 ngo5 dou1 m4 zi1 dim2 syun3 hou2. [Jyutping]
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    9. a surname
    Usage notes[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: (ほう) ()
    • Korean: 법(法) (beop)
    • Vietnamese: pháp ()

    Others:

    • → Proto-Tai
      • Lao: ແບບ (bǣp, form; model, standard, example; method; style, manner; brand, type)
      • Thai: แบบ (bɛ̀ɛp, kind; design, pattern; style; type; model)
      • Khmer: បែប (baep, kind, sort, model, type; style, form, shape; aspect; method, way, situation, condition)
    • Vietnamese: phép (rule, custom, usage, method; permission, authorisation; magical power)
    • Manchu: ᡶᠠᡶᡠᠨ (fafun, law; rule; punishment)

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]


    Note:
    • huab4 - Chaozhou;
    • huag4 - Shantou.

    Definitions[edit]

    1. Short for 法蘭西法兰西 (Fǎlánxī, “France”).
        ―    ―  French language
        ―  gùn  ―  French stick
    Usage notes[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]


    Definitions[edit]

    1. Short for 法拉 (fǎlā, “farad”).

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. method
    2. law, rule
    3. principle
    4. model
    5. system

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
    Kanji in this term
    ほう
    Grade: 4
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese (MC pjop). Originally, the kan'on was はふ (fafu), and the goon was ほふ (fofu), although both became ほう () in modern Japanese. It is suggested that the kan'on was used in the general senses, while the goon was used in Buddhist contexts.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (ほう) (はふ (fafu)?

    1. principle
    2. law
    3. code of law
    4. method
    5. etiquette
    6. (Buddhism) dharma
    7. (grammar) mood
    8. (mathematics) divisor
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    のり
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
    のり
    [noun] rule, regulation, law
    [noun] norm, standard
    [noun] measure, scale, ruler (measuring device)
    [noun] measure, scale, size
    Alternative spellings
    , ,
    (This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    ふらん
    Grade: 4
    irregular

    From French franc.[1][3]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (フラン) (furan

    1. Alternative spelling of フラン

    References[edit]

    1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
    3. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (eumhun (beop beop))

    1. Hanja form? of (law).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Việt readings: pháp[1][2][3][4][5][6]
    : Nôm readings: pháp[1][2][3], phép[1][2][3], phấp[1][2][3], phăm[3], phắp[3], bắp[1], mép[1]

    1. chữ Hán form of pháp (law, method, standard).
    2. chữ Hán form of Pháp (France, French).
    3. Nôm form of phép (custom, permission).

    Derived terms[edit]

    References[edit]