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See also:
U+674E, 李
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-674E

[U+674D]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+674F]
U+F9E1, 李
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9E1

[U+F9E0]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F9E2]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 75, +3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 木弓木 (DND), four-corner 40407, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 511, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14459
  • Dae Jaweon: page 895, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1162, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+674E

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Oracle bone script: Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *rɯʔ) : phonetic (OC *m·rɯːɡ, wheat) + semantic . The phonetic part became gradually corrupted to yield (“tree”).

Shuowen erroneously remarks that this is a phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *rɯʔ) : semantic (tree) + phonetic (OC *ʔslɯʔ).

Pronunciation[edit]


Note: lei5-2 - plum (fruit).
Note:
  • sā̤ - vernacular (plum);
  • lǐ - literary (surname).

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /li²¹⁴/
Harbin /li²¹³/
Tianjin /li¹³/
Jinan /li⁵⁵/
Qingdao /li⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /li⁵³/
Xi'an /li⁵³/
Xining /l̩⁵³/
Yinchuan /li⁵³/
Lanzhou /li⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /li⁵¹/
Wuhan /ni⁴²/
Chengdu /ni⁵³/
Guiyang /ni⁴²/
Kunming /li⁵³/
Nanjing /li²¹²/
Hefei /zz̩²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /li⁵³/
Pingyao /li⁵³/
Hohhot /li⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /li²³/
Suzhou /li³¹/
Hangzhou /li⁵³/
Wenzhou /lei³⁵/
Hui Shexian /li³⁵/
Tunxi /li²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /li⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ni⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /li²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /li³¹/
Taoyuan /li³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /lei²³/
Nanning /li²⁴/
Hong Kong /lei¹³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /li⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /li³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /li²¹/
/sɛ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /li⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /li²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (37)
Final () (19)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter liX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/lɨX/
Pan
Wuyun
/lɨX/
Shao
Rongfen
/lieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/lɨX/
Li
Rong
/liəX/
Wang
Li
/lĭəX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/liX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
lei5
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ liX ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.rəʔ/
English plum

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 17869
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*rɯʔ/

Definitions[edit]

  1. plum (tree and fruit)
  2. Alternative form of (, judge; justice)
  3. a surname, listed fourth in the Baijiaxing
      ―  Bái  ―  Li Bai (Li Bo) (Tang dynasty poet)
    [Cantonese]  ―  lei5 lin4 git6 [Jyutping]  ―  Jet Li (Li Lianjie or Li Yangzhong)

Usage notes[edit]

In mainland China and among its expatriates, this surname is generally romanized as "Li" in accordance with the Hanyu Pinyin system. Although an identical transliteration is used in Wade-Giles, similarity in pronunciation to the English surname makes the romanization "Lee" more common in Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan and elsewhere. A notable example of this is Bruce Lee.

Synonyms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • English: Li, Lee
  • German: Li
  • Tagalog: Dy, Dee (via Hokkien)

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
酸桃

Compound of (su, vinegar; sour) +‎ (momo, peach).[1][2]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

(すもも) or (スモモ) (sumomo

  1. plum (Prunus salicina)
Usage notes[edit]

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as スモモ.

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle Chinese (MC liX).

Pronunciation[edit]

Affix[edit]

() (ri

  1. plum
Derived terms[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

() or () (Ri

  1. Japanese reading of the Chinese or Korean surname

(リー) or (りい) (

  1. Japanese reading of the Chinese surname

() or () (I

  1. Japanese reading of the South Korean surname
Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Further reading[edit]

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese (MC liX).

Historical readings

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (initial position)
    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [i(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
  • (non-initial position)

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 오얏나무 (oyannamu ri), South Korea 오얏나무 (oyannamu i))

  1. Hanja form? of / (Lee, the second most common Korean surname.).
  2. (literary) Hanja form? of / (plum tree).

Usage notes[edit]

This hanja is spelled (i) in South Korea due to 두음 법칙 (頭音法則, dueum beopchik).

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

: Hán Nôm readings: ,

  1. chữ Hán form of (a surname from Chinese.).
  2. a unisex given name

References[edit]