廿

See also: 廾

廿	U+5EFF, 廿 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5EFF

← 廾
[U+5EFE]

CJK Unified Ideographs

开 →
[U+5F00]

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廿

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

廿 (Kangxi radical 55, 廾+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 廿 (T), four-corner 4477₀, composition ⿵卄一)

Derived characters[edit]

𣲟, 𨑬, 𥾰, 𧺧, 𧿰, 𠦜, 𣢓, 𩑪, 𠃟, 𣏼, 炗, 革, 㒼, 堇, 黃, 嬊, 㷼, 燕, 鷰, 卋, 𦬵, 𠂺, 𠀠, 枽
甘, 丗, 度, 席, 庹, 庶, 庻, 㢜, 𣂷

References[edit]

Kangxi Dictionary: page 353, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9586
Dae Jaweon: page 668, character 9
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 59, character 2
Unihan data for U+5EFF

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.		廿
alternative forms		卄廾念

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 廿
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Etymology[edit]

The pronunciation in most dialects is a contraction of 二十 (èrshí). The irregular pronunciation (e.g. /nVm/) dates back to the Song dynasty, to avoid homophony with a vulgar word; see 入 (rù) (now commonly written as 日 (rì) in dialects).

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): niàn (nian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jaa⁶, je⁶, jap⁶, nim⁶
Eastern Min (BUC): nĭk / niék / niêng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): jia̍p / lia̍p

(Teochew, Peng'im): riab⁸ / rih⁸ / niam⁶

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): yib⁸
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶gnie; ⁶ne / ⁶gnie

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: niàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: niàn
  - Wade–Giles: nien⁴
  - Yale: nyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niann
  - Palladius: нянь (njanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jaa⁶, je⁶, jap⁶, nim⁶
  - Yale: yah, yeh, yahp, nihm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jaa⁶, je⁶, jap⁹, nim⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ya⁶, yé⁶, yeb⁶, nim⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jaː²²/, /jɛː²²/, /jɐp̚²/, /niːm²²/

Note: jap6, nim6 - rare.

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: nĭk / niék / niêng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡiʔ⁵/, /nˡiɛʔ²⁴/, /nˡiɛŋ²⁴²/

Note:

nĭk/niék - colloquial;
niêng - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jia̍p
  - Tâi-lô: jia̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jiap
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziap̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziap̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lia̍p
  - Tâi-lô: lia̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liap
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /liap̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /liap̚²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: riab⁸ / rih⁸ / niam⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jia̍p / ji̍h / niăm
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡ziap̚⁴/, /d͡ziʔ⁴/, /niam³⁵/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: yib⁸
  - Sinological IPA: /zip̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶gnie; ⁶ne
  - MiniDict: nyae^去; ne^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyie; ³ne
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲie²³/, /ne²³/
- (Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁶gnie
  - MiniDict: nye^去
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /n̠ʲɪ²³¹/

Middle Chinese: nyip

Rime
Character	廿
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	侵 (141)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	人執切
Baxter	nyip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiɪp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵip̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjep̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵip̚/
Li Rong	/ȵiəp̚/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭĕp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯əp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jap⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*n[ə]p/

(Zhengzhang): /*njɯb/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	廿
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	niàn
Middle Chinese	‹ nyip ›
Old Chinese	/*n[ə]p/
English	twenty (fused variant of 二十) (Sagart & Ma, 2020)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	廿
Reading #	1/1
No.	9487
Phonetic component	廿
Rime group	緝
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	入
Old Chinese	/*njɯb/
Notes	二十合音，宋後音變讀念

Definitions[edit]

廿

twenty

Usage notes[edit]

In Mandarin, 二十 (èrshí) is usually used. 廿 (niàn) is more commonly used in describing dates of the Chinese calendar.

Compounds[edit]

幾廿歲人／几廿岁人 (gei² jaa⁶ seoi³ jan⁴) (Cantonese)
廿一 (niànyī)
廿七 (niànqī)
廿三 (niànsān)
廿九 (niànjiǔ)
廿二 (niàn'èr)
廿五 (niànwǔ)
廿八 (niànbā)
廿六 (niànliù)
廿四 (niànsì)
廿字頭／廿字头 (niànzìtóu)

References[edit]

“Entry #799”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

廿

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

(dated) twenty

Readings[edit]

Go-on: にゅう (nyū)^{←にふ (nifu, historical)}
Kan-on: じゅう (jū)^{←じふ (zifu, historical)}
Kun: にじゅう (nijū, 廿)^{←にじふ (nizifu, 廿, historical)}; はたち (hatachi, 廿)

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
廿
にじゅう Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Numeral[edit]

廿(にじゅう) • (nijū) ^{←にじふ (nizifu)^?}

(dated) Alternative spelling of 二十 (nijū): twenty, 20

Noun[edit]

廿(にじゅう) • (nijū) ^{←にじふ (nizifu)^?}

(archaic) Alternative spelling of 二十 (nijū): a twenty-year-old

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
廿
はたち Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Noun[edit]

廿(はたち) • (hatachi)

(archaic) Alternative spelling of 二十歳 (hatachi): a twenty-year-old

Proper noun[edit]

廿(はたち) • (Hatachi)

a surname

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

廿 (eumhun 스물 입 (seumul ip))
廿 (eumhun 이십 입 (isip ip))

twenty; twentieth