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See also: and 巿
U+5E02, 市
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E02

[U+5E01]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5E03]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
5 strokes

Alternative forms[edit]

Note that the Ming typeface used in Japan and Korea as well as the Kangxi dictionary uses a vertical dot for the upper component of which is slightly different from modern Chinese scripts which uses a slanting dot for the upper component of in .

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 50, +2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 卜中月 (YLB), four-corner 00227, composition or )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 328, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8775
  • Dae Jaweon: page 632, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 729, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5E02

Usage notes[edit]

This character is not to be confused with visually similar but unrelated 巿 (U+5DFF) ("type of clothing in ancient China") which has only four strokes and is written with across the top of .

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Oracle bone script and bronze inscriptions: Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *djɯʔ): semantic (bustling) + phonetic (OC *tjɯ).

Etymology[edit]

Possibly related to Proto-Tai *z.ɟɯːꟲ (to buy), whence Thai ซื้อ (sʉ́ʉ) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • chhī/chhǐ - vernacular;
  • sī/sǐ - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: shr5 / shr4
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /ʂʐ̩²¹/, /ʂʐ̩⁴⁵/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /sz̩²¹/, /sz̩⁴⁵/
  • Note:
    • shr5 - vernacular;
    • shr4 - literary.

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (25)
    Final () (19)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter dzyiX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /d͡ʑɨX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /d͡ʑɨX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /d͡ʑieX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /d͡ʑɨX/
    Li
    Rong
    /ʑiəX/
    Wang
    Li
    /ʑĭəX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ʑiX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    shì
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    si6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    shì
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ dzyiX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*C.[d]əʔ/
    English market (n.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 11611
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*djɯʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. city; town
    2. market; fair
    3. to trade; to do business
    4. to buy
    5. to sell
    6. (Cantonese) market situation; especially the stock market
    7. (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) business situation (buy and sell of goods)

    Compounds[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    いち
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi

    From Old Japanese (ichi). Found in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (いち) (ichi

    1. a market, a marketplace
    2. a place where a lot of people gather
    3. (less commonly) a town, a city

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 2
    on’yomi

    Suffix[edit]

    () (-shi

    1. city
    Usage notes[edit]

    When compounding, similar to (-to), (-dō), (-fu), (-ken) and (chō), makes the accent fall on the 自立拍 (jiritsuhaku, autonomous mora) immediately before itself. For example:

    References[edit]

    1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese (MC dzyiX).

    Historical readings

    Pronunciation[edit]

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɕʰi(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 저자 (jeoja si))

    1. Hanja form? of (market).
    2. Hanja form? of (city; town).

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: thị

    1. (only in compounds) market
    2. (only in compounds) city

    Compounds[edit]