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See also: and
U+5DF3, 巳
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DF3

[U+5DF2]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5DF4]
U+2E92, ⺒
CJK RADICAL SNAKE

[U+2E91]
CJK Radicals Supplement
[U+2E93]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 49, +0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 口山 (RU), four-corner 77717, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 326, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8744
  • Dae Jaweon: page 631, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 984, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5DF3

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Two different theories:

  • Pictogram (象形) of a snake (therefore, it should be similar to ). This theory is found in the Shuowen Jiezi;
  • Pictogram (象形) of a fetus (it can be seen in , . In 包, the radical should represent the placenta. 胞 today means "cell").

The character is similar to , which cannot be found in the Shuowen Jiezi.

Etymology 1[edit]

(OC s-ləʔ) displaced (OC tsəʔ), the original sixth earthly branch which denoted the moon's "coming forth" stage (i.e. early waning-gibbous phase) "due to phonological closeness (combined with the semantic opacity of the Branch terms at later eras)" (Smith, 2011).

Association with the snake was possibly arbitrary, analogous to how , the fifth earthly branch, was arbitrarily associated with the dragon (Ferlus, 2013).

Pronunciation[edit]


Note: chī - vernacular, sū - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/3
Initial () (17)
Final () (19)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter ziX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/zɨX/
Pan
Wuyun
/zɨX/
Shao
Rongfen
/zieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/zɨX/
Li
Rong
/ziəX/
Wang
Li
/zĭəX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ziX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zi6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ ziX ›
Old
Chinese
/*s-[ɢ]əʔ/
English 6th earthly branch

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 12007
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ljɯʔ/

Definitions[edit]

  1. sixth of twelve earthly branches (十二支)
  2. snake () of Chinese zodiac
Coordinate terms[edit]
Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to stop; to finish; already; have done something; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

Japanese[edit]

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

Kanji[edit]

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. sign of the snake

Readings[edit]

  • Go-on: (ji)
  • Kan-on: (shi)
  • Kun: (mi, )

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term

Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

Assumed to be an abbreviation of (hemi, snake, modern reading hebi).[1][2]

Philological analyses presume this was read as mi₂ in Old Japanese, as names 身麻呂 (mi₂maro₂, a male born on the year of the Snake) and 身売 (mi₂me₁, a female born on the year of the Snake) were recorded in Shōsōin documents, alongside other names born on the Chinese zodiac.[3][1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

() (Mi

  1. the Snake, the sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches (by extension):
    • 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho:
      [6]
      Mi. () 例, Minotoqi (の時) 午前八時から十時まで.
      Mi. Example: Minotoki (time of the Snake). A time from 8 AM to 10 AM.
    1. a year corresponding to the year of the Snake
    2. south-southeast: a direction pointed thirty degrees from south to east
    3. 10 am
    4. April

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term

Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese (ziX).

Affix[edit]

() (Shi

  1. the Snake, the sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches

References[edit]

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 み 【巳】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten) Paid subscription required[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
    The 語源説 (gogensetsu, etymological theory) section says:
    1. ヘミ(蛇)の略〔日本釈名・和訓栞・大言海〕。
    2. ミ(実)の義〔言元梯〕。


    The 上代特殊仮名遣い (Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, A/B distinction in Old Japanese) section says:


    上代の文献にこの語の直接の仮名書き例はないが、十二支に基づくと見られる人名の表記が正倉院文書の戸籍帳に少なからずあり、その中に「巳」に基づく「身麻呂」「身売」などの名があることから、「巳」は「身」と同じくミだったろうと推定されている。
    (※青色は甲類に属し、赤色は乙類に属する。)

  2. ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998) 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  3. ^ Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), →ISBN, pages 696-697
  4. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  6. ^ Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

(sa) (hangeul , revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa)

  1. the hours from 9 to 11
  2. 6th terrestrial branch

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

: Hán Nôm readings: tị

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.