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See also:
U+57F7, 執
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-57F7

[U+57F6]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+57F8]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 32, +8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 土十大弓戈 (GJKNI), four-corner 45417, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

Related characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 231, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5193
  • Dae Jaweon: page 467, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 457, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+57F7

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意): (criminal / handcuffs) + (hand): to arrest. In the present form, (niè) and () have been replaced by (xìng) and (wán), respectively.

Also phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *tjib): phonetic () + semantic .

Etymology[edit]

Possibly related to Tibetan ཆབ (chab, power; dominion) or Khmer ចាប់ (cap, to grasp; to seize) (Schuessler 2007). Korean (jip-, to pick up; to grab) is probably coincidental.

“to go bankrupt and close down”
Clipping of 執笠执笠.

Pronunciation[edit]



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (23)
Final () (141)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕiɪp̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕip̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕjep̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cip̚/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕiəp̚/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕĭĕp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕi̯əp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zap1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhí
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyip ›
Old
Chinese
/*[t]ip/
English seize

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 17290
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*tjib/
Notes

Definitions[edit]

  1. to hold in the hand
  2. to hold (authority, etc.); to manage
  3. to keep; to hold to; to insist
      ―  zhí  ―  to stubbornly persist
  4. to carry out
  5. (literary) to arrest; to capture
  6. (Cantonese) to pick up
    垃圾垃圾 [Cantonese]  ―  zap1 laap6 saap3 [Jyutping]  ―  to pick up rubbish
  7. (Cantonese) to clean up; to tidy up
    [Cantonese, trad.]
    [Cantonese, simp.]
    heoi3 zap1 haa5 nei5 gaan1 fong4-2 hou2 wo3. [Jyutping]
    You should go clean up your room.
  8. (Cantonese) to go bankrupt and close down
    鋪頭 [Cantonese, trad.]
    铺头 [Cantonese, simp.]
    gaan1 pou3 tau4-2 zap1 zo2 hou2 noi6 laa3. [Jyutping]
    The shop closed down a long time ago.
  9. (Cantonese) Classifier for pinches (small amount that could be held between fingertips) of objects.
    [Cantonese]  ―  jat1 zap1 jim4 [Jyutping]  ―  a pinch of salt
    頭髮头发 [Cantonese]  ―  jat1 zap1 tau4 faat3 [Jyutping]  ―  a small bunch of hair

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (しゅう) (shū)
  • Korean: 집(執) (jip)
  • Vietnamese: chấp ()

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. tenacious, take hold, grasp, take to heart

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

(まもる) (Mamoru

  1. a male given name

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eum (jip))

  1. hold in hand, keep, carry out

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

: Hán Việt readings: chấp[1][2][3]
: Nôm readings: chắp[1][2][3][4], giúp[1][2][3][4], chập[1][3][4], giập[1][3][4], xấp[1][3][4], chặp[2][3][4], chụp[2][3][4], chấp[1][2], xắp[3][4], xúp[3][4], chộp[3], xóp[3], xụp[3], chợp[4], giộp[4]

  1. chữ Hán form of chấp.

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]