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U+5411, 向
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5411

[U+5410]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5412]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
0 strokes

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 30, +3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 竹月口 (HBR), four-corner 27220, composition 丿 or 𰃦)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 176, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3301
  • Dae Jaweon: page 393, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 579, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+5411

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意): (house) + (mouth), echos in a place. The original form of . It was borrowed to represent 𠨍 () later.

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
“ACG: for (directed at, intended to belong to)”
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese () (muke).

Pronunciation 1[edit]


Note:
  • hiòng/hiàng - literary;
  • hiàⁿ/ǹg/àⁿ - vernacular.
  • Wu

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial () (32)
    Final () (105)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter xjangH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /hɨɐŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /hiɐŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /xiɑŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /hɨaŋH/
    Li
    Rong
    /xiaŋH/
    Wang
    Li
    /xĭaŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /xi̯aŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    xiàng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    hoeng3
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    xiàng
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ xjangH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*n̥aŋ-s/
    English window facing North; turn towards

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 13660
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*hlaŋs/
    Definitions[edit]

    1. to face
        ―  xiàngyáng  ―  to face the sun
      大門大门  ―  dàmén xiàng nán  ―  the entrance faces south
        ―  xiàng xiàng ér xíng  ―  to walk towards each other
    2. to side with; to favour; to discriminate in favour of
    3. (literary) to admire; to revere
    4. (literary) to approach; to advance towards
        ―  xiàngwǎn  ―  evening
    5. direction
        ―  fēngxiàng  ―  wind direction
        ―  zhìxiàng  ―  ambitions
    6. towards; to
        ―  xiàng dōng zǒu  ―  to go east
      大海  ―  liú xiàng dàhǎi  ―  to flow towards the sea
      警方報案警方报案  ―  xiàng jǐngfāng bào'àn  ―  to report a crime to the post
      問題請教 [MSC, trad.]
      问题请教 [MSC, simp.]
      Wǒ yǒu xiē wèntí xiǎng xiàng nín qǐngjiào. [Pinyin]
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)
      大家紛紛目光 [MSC, trad.]
      大家纷纷目光 [MSC, simp.]
      Dàjiā fēnfēn bǎ mùguāng tóu xiàng tā. [Pinyin]
      Everyone cast their gaze towards him.
    7. (literary) the old days; the past
    8. always; throughout
      研究  ―  xiàng yǒu yánjiū  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    9. (Taivoan religious concept) sorcery, taboo, and magic
    10. (chiefly ACG, suffix forming attributive adjectives) for (directed at, intended to belong to)
    Compounds[edit]
    Descendants[edit]
    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Vietnamese: hướng ()

    Pronunciation 2[edit]



    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial () (26)
    Final () (105)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter syangH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ɕɨɐŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ɕiɐŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ɕiɑŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ɕɨaŋH/
    Li
    Rong
    /ɕiaŋH/
    Wang
    Li
    /ɕĭaŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ɕi̯aŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    shàng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    soeng3
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 13658
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*hljaŋs/
    Definitions[edit]

    1. An ancient state in modern Shandong
    2. name of two places in modern Henan
    3. a surname

    Etymology 2[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to turn toward; to approach; toward; facing; against; etc.”).
    (This character is the simplified and ancient form of ).
    Notes:

    Etymology 3[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“in the near past; in the past; formerly; facing; against; etc.”).
    (This character is the simplified form of ).
    Notes:

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. yonder
    2. facing

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Proper noun[edit]

    (むかい) (Mukaiむかひ (mukafi)?

    1. a surname

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (eumhun 향할 (hyanghal hyang))

    1. Hanja form? of (facing).

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (eumhun (seong sang))

    1. Hanja form? of (a surname.).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: hướng

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.