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See also:
U+5167, 內
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5167

[U+5166]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5168]

內 U+2F814, 內
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F814
㒹
[U+2F813]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 再
[U+2F815]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
4 strokes

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 11, +2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 人月 (OB), four-corner 40227, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 125, character 35
  • Dae Jaweon: page 267, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 97, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5167

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp.

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character





References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意): (city outskirts) + (to enter) – entering the city through its outskirts - inside, within.

Etymology[edit]

Related to (OC *njub, “to enter”); see there for more.

Pronunciation 1[edit]


Note:
  • lāi/lǎi - vernacular (etymologically );
  • lōe - literary.
Note: lai6 - etymologically .
Note:
  • lei5 - vernacular;
  • lei4- literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /nei⁵¹/
Harbin /nei⁵³/
Tianjin /nei⁵³/
Jinan /nei²¹/
Qingdao /ne⁴²/
Zhengzhou /nei³¹²/
Xi'an /luei⁴⁴/
Xining /nuɨ²¹³/
Yinchuan /nuei¹³/
Lanzhou /luei¹³/
Ürümqi /nei²¹³/
Wuhan /nei³⁵/
Chengdu /nuei¹³/
Guiyang /nuei²¹³/
Kunming /nuei²¹²/
Nanjing /luəi⁴⁴/
Hefei /le⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /nai⁴⁵/
Pingyao /næ³⁵/
Hohhot /nɛ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ne²³/
Suzhou /ne̞³¹/
Hangzhou /nei¹³/
Wenzhou /nai²²/
Hui Shexian /nɛ²²/
Tunxi /lə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /lei⁵⁵/
/lei¹¹/
Xiangtan /nəi²¹/
Gan Nanchang /lui²¹/
Hakka Meixian /nui⁵³/
Taoyuan /mui⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /nɔi²²/
Nanning /nui²²/
Hong Kong /nɔi²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lue²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /nuɔi²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /no⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /lai³⁵/ 訓讀
Haikou (Hainanese) /nui³³/
/lai³³/ 訓裡

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (8)
Final () (42)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter nwojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/nuʌiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/nuoiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/nuɒiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/nwəjH/
Li
Rong
/nuᴀiH/
Wang
Li
/nuɒiH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/nuɑ̆iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
nèi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
neoi6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
nèi
Middle
Chinese
‹ nwojH ›
Old
Chinese
/*nˁ[u]p-s/
English inside

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 9381
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*nuːbs/

Definitions[edit]

  1. inside; interior; internal; inner
    Antonym: (wài)
      ―  shìnèi  ―  indoors
      ―  nèishāng  ―  internal injury
      ―  nèizhàn  ―  civil war
    未來幾天未来几天  ―  wèilái jǐtiān nèi  ―  within the next few days
  2. (obsolete) room; inner room
  3. (literary) court; imperial palace
  4. woman; wife
      ―  nèixiōng  ―  wife's elder brother
  5. heart; mind; self
      ―  nèijiù  ―  conscience-stricken
  6. (traditional Chinese medicine) internal organs
  7. (Buddhism) within Buddhism
      ―  nèidiǎn  ―  Buddhist scripture
      ―  nèixué  ―  Buddhism
  8. 65th tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝍆)
  9. (Teochew) family
  10. (Teochew) home
    [Teochew]  ―  i1 bho5 do6 lai6. [Peng'im]  ―  He/she is not home.
  11. (Internet slang) Alternative form of
    味了味了  ―  Yǒunèiwèile.  ―  That's the taste.
  12. (Philippine Hokkien) Classifier for servings / helpings of food.
    物配點心 [Philippine Hokkien, trad.]
    物配点心 [Philippine Hokkien, simp.]
    chi̍t lǎi chhài, nňg lǎi mn̍gh-phè, saⁿ lǎi tiám-sim [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    one serving of a dish, two servings of side toppings, three servings of snacks
Synonyms[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (ない) (nai)
  • Korean: 내(內) (nae)
  • Vietnamese: nội ()

Pronunciation 2[edit]



BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ nop ›
Old
Chinese
/*nˁ[u]p/
English bring or send in

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions[edit]

  1. to enter
  2. Original form of (, “to pay”).

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji[edit]

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. Kyūjitai form of

Readings[edit]

Usage notes[edit]

This character is usually not used in Japanese and lacks JIS support. The variant (U+5185) is used instead.

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese (MC nwojH).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 뇡〮 (Yale: nwóy)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1] 안〮 (Yale: án) ᄂᆡ〯 (Yale: nǒy)

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [nɛ(ː)] ~ [ne̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)/(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja[edit]

(eumhun (an nae))

  1. Hanja form? of (inside; within). [dependent noun; prefix]

Compounds[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

: Hán Nôm readings: nội

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.