亟

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亟 U+4E9F, 亟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E9F
← 亞
[U+4E9E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 亠 →
[U+4EA0]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

亟 (Kangxi radical 7, 二+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 一水一 (MEM), four-corner 10104, composition ⿱⿻了叹一(G) or ⿱⿻丂叹一(TJKV))

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 87, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 279
  • Dae Jaweon: page 184, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 55, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+4E9F

Chinese[edit]

trad. 亟
simp. # 亟
alternative forms 𠄹
𠯉
焏

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 亟
Shang Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Oracle bone script

j28200

j28201

Bronze inscriptions

b18634

b18635

b18636

b18637

b18638

b18639

b18640

Small seal script

s10126

Transcribed ancient scripts

L20161

L20162

L20163

L20164

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (茍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
亟 *kʰɯɡs, *kɯɡ
茍 *kɯɡ
殛 *kɯɡ
極 *ɡɯɡ

Originally ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 人 + semantic 二, with 口 and 攴 (later simplified to 又) later added.

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Rime
Character 亟
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 蒸 (134)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 紀力切
Baxter kik
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɨk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kɨk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kiek̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kik̚/
Li
Rong 		/kiək̚/
Wang
Li 		/kĭək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ki̯ək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		ji
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gik1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 亟
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jí
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kik ›
Old
Chinese 		/*k(r)ək/
English urgently

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 亟
Reading # 2/2
No. 5736
Phonetic
component 		茍
Rime
group 		職
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		殛
Old
Chinese 		/*kɯɡ/

Definitions[edit]

亟

  1. urgently
  2. urgent; pressing

Compounds[edit]

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Rime
Character 亟
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 去吏切
Baxter khiH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʰɨH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʰɨH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kʰieH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kʰɨH/
Li
Rong 		/kʰiəH/
Wang
Li 		/kʰĭəH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kʰiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hei3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 亟
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ khiH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰ(r)ək-s/
English often

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 亟
Reading # 1/2
No. 5734
Phonetic
component 		茍
Rime
group 		志
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		亟
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰɯɡs/

Definitions[edit]

亟

  1. † repeatedly; frequently
    愛共叔段，欲立之，亟請於武公，公弗許。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
    爱共叔段，欲立之，亟请于武公，公弗许。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE, translation from Zuozhuan: Commentary on the "Spring and Autumn Annals" (2017), by Stephen Durrant, Wai-yee Li and David Schaberg
    Ài Gōngshū Duàn, yù lì zhī, qì qǐng yú Wǔ Gōng, Gōng fú xǔ. [Pinyin]
    She loved Gongshu Duan and wanted to establish him as heir. Time and again she asked this favor of Lord Wu, but the lord would not grant it.

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

亟

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. sudden

Readings[edit]

Usage notes[edit]

Although in the JIS X 0208 specification as character 48-20, this character does not appear to be used in modern Japanese.

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

亟 • (geuk, gi) (hangeul 극, 기, revised geuk, gi, McCune–Reischauer kŭk, ki, Yale kuk, ki)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

亟: Hán Nôm readings: cấc, cức, cực

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References[edit]

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